Sunday, February 13, 2022

What does Christmas truly means to us?

    The Bigueňos have distinct and colorful traditions. They do have a rich culture that cannot be expressed in words alone, but they show it in a variety of ways, including festivities and intangible cultural traditions that they share with everyone. One of the most important traditions for the Bigueňos is the Christmas season. They prepare for this special holiday with passion. The local government would often greet Christmas by installing a giant Christmas tree and other decorations in front of city hall, while residents would always attend the "simbang gabi" or "Misa De Gallo." Children will carol nightly in their neighborhood, and houses will be decorated with Christmas lights even in September, which they think marks the beginning of the "ber" months.

 

All of these traditions are indisputably significant for every Bigueňo since they are a part of their existence, especially the Christmas celebration, which is typically the time when their family is whole. However, the pandemic happened, and many of the customs were eventually unable to be maintained. Numerous health protocols were adopted, as well as community quarantines, in Vigan, making it difficult for the locals to enjoy any holidays. However, celebrating Christmas has been their way of actually giving time for the entire family and a sacred time for them that they tirelessly embrace, so everyone made it possible to express their devotion for Christmas by celebrating it at home, attending Christmas mass while adhering to health protocols, and the government made sure that people who are going home to Vigan are not COVID carriers by providing checkpoints.


Christmas is meaningful to everyone, and they are embracing it as a part of their lives. Embracing and honoring their heritage at any moment, no matter how chaotic or tough life becomes, was part of their trait. We must set aside our worries and have a carefree mindset throughout the holidays since it is a time when we must foster togetherness and healthy spirituality. Expensive festivities are unneeded if we grasp what the true meaning of Christmas is for us. 


Reference:

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Ffotograzio%2F49401160413&psig=AOvVaw34Okccforzz_oT-2W-NO-r&ust=1644850565585000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCPiTif_3_PUCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAd

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgetaway.ph%2Fblog%2Ftravel%2Filocos-region-and-baguio-city-now-welcome-tourists-from-luzon%2F&psig=AOvVaw34Okccforzz_oT-2W-NO-r&ust=1644850565585000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCPiTif_3_PUCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAY

Thursday, February 3, 2022

Discover More

I am very grateful for the knowledge and learnings I have gained during this quarter. Coding and creating an HTML file was a great experience because it helped me understand that I could do more with my literary files. It was also a lot of fun since I got to study and discover new ways to make my files more appealing. My discoveries about the content inside an HTML file format were enjoyable because I get to understand the use of angle brackets and different tags that define headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes, and interactive forms. This kind of new discovery remained helpful for me and I very much appreciate it because it increases my intellectual experience and that it enhances my knowledge about technologies.


However, I found it challenging to keep up with the lessons during this quarter. I had no idea what I was doing at first because everything was unfamiliar to me. It was difficult for me to put the tags in the appropriate place and to accurately apply them within the file. There was a lot of trial and error when I was creating the requirements for the activities, and I had to do additional research and study merely to have a better outcome for the activity. Finally, I discovered that it can be an easy method. I patiently tried all over again so that I can create a better outcome for the activity; eventually, I manage to understand every use of the contents or elements in making an HTML file.

Moving forward, I will continue to work hard to learn every part of the lessons. I would make myself more patient and persistent in achieving a good outcome for my activities, as well as ensure that I get a lot of knowledge so that I may broaden my intellectual skill. This quarter helped me discover more, which I will undoubtedly put to use later and which I hope to share with others.


References:

https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0306/6419/6141/articles/coding_languages_1024x.png?v=1619126283

https://f.hubspotusercontent00.net/hubfs/53/Google%20Drive%20Integration/How%20to%20Start%20Coding%20The%20Ultimate%20Guide%20for%20Beginner%20Programmers.jpeg

https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/5a/Study-for-an-Online-Class-Step-1-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Study-for-an-Online-Class-Step-1-Version-3.jpg

Giving Life to Traditions


It is part of the Filipino culture to cherish the fiestas that take place in their community. Every year on January 25th, the Vigan City Fiesta is held. It is observed on the feast day of the conversion of St. Paul the Apostle. The Vigan City Fiesta usually lasts a few days. It involves the annual celebration of Vigan's cityhood, which takes place on January 27th. Biguenos from all over the country and even from abroad travel to Vigan to celebrate their fiesta with their family and friends, as is typical for Filipinos to do. Thousands of people from other parts of the Philippines and other countries join them in celebrating the cultural activities, parades, and street dances organized by the local government with the help of local businesses and communities. Food fairs, arts and crafts shows, and a local carnival are all available. Participants from numerous northern neighboring provinces are also sent to compete in the different sports and activities, most notably the street dancing competition. Because of the participation of neighboring towns, the Vigan City Fiesta is not just a local event attended by Vigan authorities, but also a national event attended by other local public officials and national politicians.


The annual celebration of their Fiesta is very important mostly to the locals of Vigan because they prepare and celebrate it with joy. Everyone often looks forward to celebrating with their family and loved ones which make it more a meaningful event. Furthermore, it allows many people to find time to just enjoy themselves by commemorating the occasion, and it allows every local product to be promoted and discovered by local and non-local people. During the pandemic, folks find it hard to celebrate the yearly event. The local government needed to repeatedly change the date of celebrating the fiesta to provide a sure and safe celebration for the people that will attend. Health protocols are required to be followed to prevent the increase of COVID-19 cases and to continuously give value and remembrance to the tradition of Vigan without causing too many problems. 


There is no doubt that many challenges suddenly came, but this must not stop the embracement of the essence of Vigan City Fiesta. Love and passion for the culture that is part of oneself must be cherished regardless of the current situation, as long as everyone is constant in being careful and in spreading awareness. Giving importance to safety and healthy living can help everyone to keep giving life to their traditional events in the midst of the pandemic.


References:

https://live.staticflickr.com/5243/5379808973_823d4423e7_b.jpg

https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=490375619126557&set=pb.100044623680440.-2207520000..

https://scontent.fmnl17-3.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/272876180_10216113289383258_7556859706288300183_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=730e14&_nc_eui2=AeGOH-VzFGBYdp8018E7COI5H5tt8JAGAPMfm23wkAYA8zMhR4cz1q7DN-jy1tfa9u_kNTnZpRN5flkB-xQAYFfg&_nc_ohc=_Ni_-ZX4sYAAX8QzBDZ&_nc_ht=scontent.fmnl17-3.fna&oh=00_AT_mPoGv9ybOwcQd3dyXLr5v8BXpHUIVauVSJnZb8wwjHw&oe=62000175

 

 

Monday, January 24, 2022

Life Without Baggage


Another chapter of my life came to a close as another year greeted me with open arms. Everything felt like a dream to me since time goes by so quickly. As I prepare for a fresh beginning, I pondered on the many events that have taken place inside 2021. Many realizations came over me that showed me how grateful I should be for the past years since I was able to endure all of the challenges and pain that had occurred in the past. Some people had to go through their troubles alone and suffer many times, however, I am blessed to have my family lighten the burden I am straining to carry, and I have a strong bond with God and the people around me. Offering myself the freedom to forget the heinous events of the past is my way of allowing myself to breathe and embrace a new phase of life devoid of grudges. Spreading forgiveness has been tough for me in recent years, but as I have lived day by day, I discovered that forgiving is not about condoning the mistakes done against you, but rather about releasing yourself from the fury and agony that you have been experiencing at that time.

 

I am confident in saying that I am grateful for everything and that happiness is really what I felt on the last day of 2021 since I am well aware that whatever happens the following day is the outcome of my actions. Sure, it's frightening to not know what's going to happen next, but allowing yourself to be courageous will show you that the unknown is nothing to be afraid of; rather, it's something we must explore and discover. Starting a new year, in my standpoint, is about beginning a new chapter in your life without any unnecessary grudges, fear, or unpleasant memories; in my own words, it is about beginning life without baggage.

Thursday, January 20, 2022

Cherish Christmas Even wearing Face Mask


Christmas is an annual religious and cultural festival celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ that is celebrated by billions of people throughout the world on December 25th. Christmas Day is a public holiday in many countries, and it is observed religiously by the majority of Christians as well as culturally by many non-Christians. It is also an important element of the holiday season. Nowadays, we are far more concerned with the decorations, presents, and Christmas Eve celebrations than with remembering the birth of Jesus Christ. It was never about the presents you'd give or get; rather, it was about the sense of family and community you'd feel. The birth of Christ is commemorated at Christmas. This is a moment for us to reflect on and understand Jesus' messages. Jesus introduced a new religion based on love and the vision of a compassionate and forgiving God; a vision of approaching everything with a positive mindset and from a position of love. As a result, even if there is a pandemic, the actual meaning of Christmas may always be cherished.

 


Everyone may enjoy Christmas during the epidemic since it is all about self-reflection, love, and forgiveness for one another. Preparing for Christmas does not have to be extravagant since its essential core is our recognition of Christ's birth and our openness to him. We may stay at home with the entire family and learn to forgive one other's faults and trespasses. The government, on the other hand, has reduced the regulations to allow you to attend church with your family or anybody you know. It may be tough to create a traditional Christmas party, especially in the midst of a pandemic, but what matters is that you embrace the Lord Christ in your heart and spend your time forgiving, being thankful, and joyous. Because of everything we have been through, it might be difficult to enjoy Christmas as joyfully as it used to be, but the real willingness to embrace the Christmas spirit must always remain in our hearts, regardless of the circumstances that we are going through.

 

The pandemic may have caused many problems or tragedies, but it should not deter us from spreading compassion and forgiveness around the world during this holiday. Let us always remember that no matter how many difficulties we endure in life, our faith in God will never waver. During this season, being thankful, forgiving, and being loving must be in each other's spirit so that we may continue to prioritize morality and virtue as a means of truly appreciating the essence of Christmas.


Reference:

https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/392868767468770253/

https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2020/12/26/christmas-spirit-lives-in-philippines-despite-pandemic

Tuesday, November 30, 2021

Children’s Lives Matters

As a saying goes, "The youth is the hope of our nation". But in today’s time, the youth is one of the most affected by the pandemic. Suddenly they stopped going to school and their life outside their homes also stopped. Many changes have taken place that may have caused them various trials that they had to face and accept. Just like the sudden closing of face-to-face classes which eventually became modular or online learning where they must apply independent learning or self-study in this new way of pursuing education. The COVID-19 pandemic did not only affect their way of learning but also risked their health to be in danger. COVID 19 has so far shown itself in children with minor cold-like symptoms such as fever, runny nose, and cough. Gastrointestinal issues such as vomiting and diarrhea have also been reported by some children. However, much remains unclear about COVID 19 in children, including if some kids, such as those with existing medical issues, are at a higher risk of severe disease. Furthermore, even if a minor only has mild symptoms, they might still pass the virus on to others.


Parents may help protect their children against COVID 19 by educating them to avoid direct contact with other individuals, wash their hands frequently, clean and disinfect regularly, practice social distance, and wear facemasks. For the most up-to-date information about COVID 19 and children, parents should consult reliable sources such as professional doctors and trustworthy news. It's vital to search for data-informed suggestions on how you can protect the children from this virus that is currently spreading, if you are worried about your child's health and growth, contact reliable doctors or try to study and educate yourself about this matter. Children under the pandemic are also at a higher risk of abuse and violence at home. Pressures between family members are now more likely to get inflamed and new worries are more likely to arise. Mostly many families experienced unemployment that resulted in financial problems and stress that led to tensions between family members. Insecure or inadequate financial help can have a negative emotional impact on adults, which can lead to secondary stress in children and an increased risk of maltreatment.


While the pandemic can also harm the mental health of the children, which can again affect the whole youth. At this stage of development, peer support is essential, and social isolation has been related to an increased risk of depression and anxiety. Isolation has been linked to suicidal ideation, self-harm, and eating disorder risk behaviors. Notably, social isolation has been connected to mental health problems. The lockdown can be hazardous to a child's mental health in the long run. In the short term, mandatory detention can result in impatience, fury, perplexity, frustration, loneliness, denial, and despair. Children have been shown to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a result of forced quarantine. Children with pre-existing mental health illnesses are more likely to develop these signs and behaviors. Children and adolescents demand more mental health care as a result of the epidemic. These problems that affected every child’s health can be solved immediately by constantly being knowledgeable about the information related to our current situation, and being aware and careful about the virus. Participating in live video discussions or online mental health care programs and seeking help will be a benefit in keeping children’s mental health to stay healthy.


References:

https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/how-to-keep-kids-active-and-safe-during-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.h00-159385890.html

https://www.understood.org/articles/en/how-to-talk-about-coronavirus-with-kids

https://www.unicef.org/coronavirus/how-parents-can-support-their-child-through-covid-19-losses

Sunday, November 14, 2021

I CAN'T TALK RIGHT NOW; I'M DOING ENVIRONMETAL THINGS


Unfortunately, a lot of worldly affairs have become humankind's priority, causing the real vital issues to be ignored. Let's face it: as time passes, most people grow more interested in trends and other modern dealings which resulted in some of their moral obligations being neglected. The environment has always been a treasure that provides us with all we need, including a house, food, water, and a plethora of other benefits. It provides individuals with everything they need to live a long and healthy life. A healthy environment includes clean air, clean coastal areas, and mountains full of natural resources that can supply shelter, food, and other specific needs. Daily lifestyles will also become more productive as a result of fewer difficulties in an individual's environment, allowing them to feel more energized throughout the day because they will not have to waste as much time worrying about environmental concerns. 


        We are dealing with a variety of issues in our environment, including air pollution, which can cause the fresh air to become hazardous. The number of chemical sprays, vehicle smoke, major fires, and other things that emit smoke, such as factories, all contribute to this. Overuse of water, water pollution, and drought have all led to the scarcity of water in our nation, which has been a matter of concern for our population. Mismanagement of solid waste is also one of the most serious problems since germs and viruses accumulate in rubbish piles and may cause some water to be contaminated where mosquito larvae are also found that can slowly develop and spread dengue fever, this will damage the health of many people. It is essential that humans maintain the cleanliness and neatness of their surroundings. Awareness can make everyone know about how these issues affect us and how they will be solved in many ways. Enforcing a precise process of managing trash and rubbish is a simple way to maintain the environment clean and safe for people to live in; it can be done by following the reduce, reuse and recycle procedure. Protecting coastal areas, mountains, and forests will help to conserve animals by enabling them to dwell in their natural habitats, as well as plants that provide for our needs. Volunteering and convincing everyone else to join cleanup and tree-planting activities may help each other to train humanity in giving importance to the environment and ensure its stability. 


It's understandable that each one of us has our own set of priorities in life that keep us preoccupied, causing us to lose interest in topics we may believe are unrelated to us. However, we are part of humankind and it is our responsibility to ensure what is keeping us alive. Human activities also put the environment in jeopardy, therefore we must compensate by doing the right thing, which we can do in a variety of ways. It is not too late to do something that will improve the environment’s current condition and prevent its deterioration. Determination to find solutions to various environmental issues will bring a prosperous and peaceful life.

Tuesday, November 9, 2021

QUARTER ONE WAS FUN


Modular learning has never been that enjoyable and simple because there are no face-to-face classes and high school students like myself may not have experienced the peak of high school. However, over this quarter, I learned a lot of new things, such as how blogging can be fun and useful for me to express my perspectives. This also helped me enhance my skills in making better judgments or decisions by citing every perspective of the situation that is related to the topic. Blogging also enhances my writing skills, whether my goal is to inform, persuade, or entertain. I also discovered that blogging makes me feel free and happy because I often enjoy conveying what goes through my mind about certain matters. In addition, I can also provide information that can be helpful to the viewers of my blog.


To be honest, I initially assumed that blogging would be simple and would not present any challenges to me. However, I quickly understood that it can be difficult in a variety of ways. It's becoming increasingly difficult for me to maintain my blog engaging and entertaining for the viewers. I also have doubts about the ideas and information I post on my blogs because I lack confidence, which causes me to reconsider posting my work. Fear also consumes me, the fear of the possibility that my blogs might contain false information because of unreliable resources, which can cause the readers to form a negative impression of me. It was difficult for me to compose a proper essay or written work since I frequently lost focus.

 


Despite these obstacles, I continue to love writing blogs. I considered the positive aspects of it, such as articulating what is genuinely going on within my head and how enjoyable it is to share it with others. My coping mechanism for the worry of disseminating false information was to be cautious about what information I placed on my blog. Reading the responses from other students who responded gave me confidence, courage, and evaluation for my blogs. I got rid of the negative ideas that were making me doubt my work, and as a result, blogging became a lot more enjoyable for me.

 

Even though I am well aware of how difficult or enjoyable blogging is for me, I will continue to develop it, not only for my personal advantage but also for the benefit of others who are interested in blogs and who love reading mine. My next step will be to continue learning how to run my blog expertly.


REFERENCE: 

https://socialnetworking.lovetoknow.com/everything-blogging/how-do-blogs-work

https://www.lancetalent.com/blog/cuanto-cuesta-un-blog/

Saturday, October 23, 2021

EDUCATION CONTINUES


Everything went chaotic when the pandemic started that was caused by the COVID-19, which results in a lot of changes. These changes include the method of continuing education, which caused problems in a variety of situations. Many students struggle to face the difficulties that have occurred in the learning system, such as online classes, where some students cannot afford to acquire gadgets or pay for internet connections. Students also struggle to focus on their lessons due to distractions, difficulties with self-study, and a plethora of other incalculable causes. However, it is not only students that are battling during these troubled times. Parents and teachers are also affected by the changing style of learning since it is a different and new teaching method that teachers must learn. It was difficult not to have face-to-face classes because it was the most normally utilized practice of giving education to humanity. Many individuals had mixed feelings about the new system, but they quickly realized that it was the only option to keep academic affairs moving forward.

 

In this current situation, everyone is now experiencing the challenges of a new method of learning through modules and virtual meets. During the epidemic, the Department of Education used several methods and innovations to keep education running. The 2020-2021 school year was held without classes in schools, but rather through Google Meet or Zoom. Teachers communicate with their students using Facebook and Messenger. Programs such as the start of the school year were broadcast live on Facebook, while other activities such as the earthquake drill were carried out by performing it at home and submitting photographs of participation. A lot of learners used printed modular because it was much more affordable and accessible while the rest went through online files and online submissions for them to be more cautious about the current condition regarding the pandemic. The same thing is happening in the 2021-2022 academic year, although more students have acclimated to their new daily lives and ways of completing their studies. Some may still find it difficult to regulate this due to personal reasons, but it is certain that they find ways to continue learning despite the complicated situations they are experiencing. A lot of stressful circumstances may have occurred during the pandemic but everyone is trying to do everything to still learn and receive education in any way because it is the key to the betterment of the youth, society, and future.


 In my opinion, the current education system may be different in how it is provided, but it is still what society needs to help everyone have a brighter future. If we have survived a year of just virtual and modular education, we may continue to pursue education in this new way of learning until the epidemic is over. Sure, it was challenging, but consider the part where everyone is coming up with new strategies to provide great education under a crisis. To be honest, everything may be easier for us if we remain passionate and motivated to finish our studies without hesitation.


Reference: Cantiaga, Y. (2021). CHED Adopts Flexible Learning for Good, Youth Groups React. My pope. https://www.mypope.com.ph/ched-adopts-flexible-learning-for-good/

Friday, October 22, 2021

Filipinos resiliency now and beyond


The Philippines has always been beautiful since it offers a wide variety of amazing sites with exciting activities that tourists enjoy exploring. Treasured cultures will always be visible, and inhabitants' smiles will greet visitors warmly. The aesthetics people may find in this country include breath-taking sceneries concealed in different provinces and stars below the sky whenever lights from buildings and vehicles in Manila show off at night, and honestly, there are more than that which are countless. Apart from the beauty, it also has a range of issues in every aspect of everyday life, such as poverty, which has made it difficult to continue the country's development. We also have a number of environmental concerns that are worrisome since they have an impact on individuals' daily lives. Many worries remain, including those matters with the government and the arrogance of certain citizens, prompting me to comment that many people in our generation admire other nations while forgetting that they have a great country of their own.

 

It is a fact that we must learn to love where we came from, and we could start that by helping it progress or develop rather than disregarding it. Showing concern, attention, and appreciation for our culture by disseminating innovative and factual information about it over the internet may be more beneficial than posting about nosy neighbors and toxic relatives. Promoting tree planting, as well as clean and green projects, are the most fundamental strategies to reduce environmental concerns. While raising awareness and providing information about our current situation in COVID-19 would be a wonderful approach to encourage individuals to avoid violating safety protocols. Supporting and persuading individuals to be vaccinated against COVID-19 may also put an end to our agony from the epidemic. Many people criticize the government, but the real answer to our problem is not to complain and revolt, but to unite and care about critical issues affecting our nation and fellow Filipino citizens. Having the determination to make every day productive will lead to the betterment of the country, and being courageous in doing good deeds such as volunteering to activities and programs related to school, environment, and society will be extremely beneficial not only to you but also to those around you.

 

Being concerned about relevant concerns and making every effort to help as long as you can, could be a really thoughtful and wonderful method to help a republic avoid tragedies. As previously stated, our country is not as perfect as everyone would like it to be, but it should be loved by its own people so that people of other races or nations might come to love the Philippines as much as it deserves to be loved. Keeping oneself concerned, passionate, and supportive of this country may contribute to a more resilient Philippines. This country that some people may want to leave so badly is not perfect for it still faces a lot of problems and debts mostly during the pandemic but to give this country even just a small amount of your attention and concern would really help to save it from falling to misery.

Reference: 

PhilippineFlag.Unsplash.https://unsplash.com/s/photos/philippine-flag

Wednesday, October 6, 2021

Beyond Words


Dear Mr. President,

It was never easy to be the president of a country. Different kinds of responsibilities will be under your control and authority. However, being a country’s president is not just about having 6 depressing years, but having the will and determination to help the country and its people develop. When you became the famous President Duterte, gossips such as "he came from a family of rebels", "he would not do good" and "he would corrupt" were being spread around me. I never believed that. Instead, I just questioned whether you would be better than the previous rulers of our country. One time, I was shocked as I heard you say bad words in your speech and you acted just like a normal citizen during your conferences or meetings. Rather than being that president who stands properly with a smile, you just put your two fingers in your cheek while your chin rested on your other three fingers and made that iconic posture. I agree that it was true chaos during the campaign against illegal drugs because killing was part of it. It caused a lot of people to have negative reactions and to protest against the campaign. After that, many hated your effort in helping this country and almost everyone never forgot the anti-drug campaign. A lot of people started to backlash at your every movement, which also made this generation continuously complain about the governmental system of this country. Indeed, you were an unusual president at that time you accepted China as an ally despite the fact that the country was already attempting to claim ownership of the West Philippine Sea. Some people really question your own method of ruling. There are times when I think you are cool and there are times when I question your strategy, but I will realize that these are reasonable whenever I continuously try to understand you because I still think that you did a good job ruling our country. There were good results from the anti-drug campaign because many drug-doers are going through rehabilitation and some are jailed. You also made an anti-terror bill law; many thought that it was to deprive the freedom of Filipinos, but the intention was for our country to have fewer terrorism problems. You also went to Marawi as it was experiencing a horrible fight against terrorism. Also, you did not go against China because you trusted the country and you did not want to start any war, as other countries currently have been experiencing tragedies like this.

Despite all the flaws in our government, you still manage to make progress and good contributions to our country’s development. My question before, which is if you are a better ruler than the previous presidents, was answered with a no. I now think that all of the leaders of this country have the same intentions, which is to rule. I do think that being brave enough to fight for the position of being responsible for a whole country is something amazing. Our country’s government system still has flaws and I have faith that you would still do something about it before ending your presidency. Words of thanks, criticism, both constructive and destructive, will never be enough to compensate for a President's hard work.


Reference: "President Rodrigo Duterte poses for a photo with his portraits in the backdrop at the Malacañan Palace on December 5, 2017." Presidential Communications (Government of the Philippines). https://www.facebook.com/pcoogov?__tn__=-UC*F

What does Christmas truly means to us?

     The Bigueň os have distinct and colorful traditions. They do have a rich culture that cannot be expressed in words alone, but they show...